What is bitcoin mining contract

Bitcoin mining

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Bitcoin mining is a transaction record process with bitcoins to blockchain – the public database of all the operations with Bitcoin, which is responsible for the transaction confirmation. Network nodes use blockchain to differ the real transactions from the attempt to spend the same facilities twice. The main mining objective is reaching a consensus between network nodes on which transactions consider legitimate.

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What is Bitcoin mining [ edit ]

Bitcoin mining is the process of issuing bitcoin, built on the calculation of mathematical problems, is the only way to create a cryptocurrency.

The essence of mining is that in different parts of the Earth, there are computers that solve mathematical tasks, the result of which is the creation of bitcoin. The release (production) process is distributed to all participants in the system, which ensures security and is not controlled by a single issuing center.

All Bitcoin transfers are recorded in the public transaction log, they are transmitted to the miners in a chain. The job of which is to pick up one single hash from a million combinations, which would be suitable for all new transactions and a secret key, which is a guarantee of receiving a reward of 25 Bitcoins. At the same time, many “getters” are competing for the award, who are the first to try to figure out the hash. When it is guessed, the block and all transactions are closed and the miners start generating the next block.

An example hash with the same phrases but with different additional parameters (in the example, the last line has the lowest hash value):

The target level of difficulty in the Bitcoin system is recalculated every 2016 blocks (approximately 2 times a week). It can increase or decrease, it all depends on the time of creation of new batches of the block and how much it differs from 2016 minutes (20160 * 10). Regardless of the total power of all miners, 1 block is generated on average within 10 minutes.

The miner’s probability of receiving a reward during these 10 minutes is equal to the ratio of his computing power to the computing power of the entire network. And if this ratio is small, then the probability of receiving an award, even over a long period of time, will be low.

Transaction record process [ edit ]

Besides this, mining is the only way of bitcoins emission that are allocated as a miner reward for the mathematical task solution with the help of computer equipment. The process is advisedly done resource-intensive and difficult to leave permanent the number of blocks found by miners.

Every block should contain the confirmation that the mathematical task has been solved and each of the network nods can easily check, if the block has been really closed by the rules. Emission is decentralized as a reward that means a control absence over the output by a single center. During this process miners confirm accomplishing transactions in the network. In order to protect the network from overruns, mining is possible in strictly defined capacities.

Bitcoins, issued with the help of mining are the best way to hold the transaction anonymity during the work with cryptocurrency. Nevertheless, they can be used only after getting 100 network confirmations.

How Bitcoin Mining Works [ edit ]

All the transfers in the Bitcoin system are public. Miners’ work consists in choosing the right hash, which will be convenient to all the network transactions and will provide getting of the private key. There are millions of possible combinations and that’s why the process usually takes time and demands powerful equipment.

Unknown hash is the quantity that consists of the previous block hash, a random number and transactions check value sum, made during 10 minutes. System conditions can satisfy the only one quantity, which isn’t permanent and changes after each block is closed.

As soon as the right hash is defined the transaction block closes and the miner obtains reward in the amount of 12.5 bitcoins. This process can be compared with lottery, because a lot of participants are simultaneously searching the hash. The system works pursuant to the strict rules and according to them changing of closed block is practically impossible.

Difficulty [ edit ]

Mining difficulty is a dynamic indicator that is periodically recalculated. With an increase in the processing power of mining equipment, complexity grows. It is best to look for up-to-date information on the state of difficulty in mining cryptocurrency on official currency sites. However, this is difficult. Links to mining statistics, even on official websites, are sometimes difficult to find. To simplify the process, aggregator sites of statistical information about all cryptocurrencies have been created. They collect, process and publish relevant data not only about the complexity of mining, but also several dozen indicators: price, capitalization, hashrate, profitability, transaction amount, and so on.

Mining in pools [ edit ]

Bitcoin mining is a very difficult process and it’s necessary to have essential capacities for processing. It has become practically impossible to follow mining alone, because of permanent increasing difficulty of the process and crypto-currency market development. As a result, the concept “pool mining” has appeared, which means the computational capacities banding of several participants in a group for the new block generation. The pool obtained reward for the closed block is shared between its participants.

Equipment [ edit ]

For the long time mining has been available for home computers users, but in 2013 competition between miners for finding the right hash has increased, therefore personal mining has lost it’s economic justifiability. During the development and modernization process the next computer equipment types have been used for mining:

• CPU is a one of the oldest versions working with the help of the computer processor. This option can be found in the main bitcoin client, but it’s off-stream now because of the extra low effectiveness;
• GPU lies in using graphic card. This type of mining has changed the processors. It’s hallmark is the increasing of system power;
• FPGA is an upgrade variant of GPU, which differs by lower energy consumption;
• ASIC is a mining with a special equipment created specially for work with crypto-currency. Its effectiveness far exceeds the attributes of usual graphic cards, so it has inaugurated a new era in Bitcoin development.

Potential investors can use online mining calculators to know the effectiveness and profitability of special equipment like mining farms.

Mining farm [ edit ]

Mining farm – is a data center, technically equipped to mine bitcoins or other cryptocurrencies.

They were emerged as a result of the constant complication of the process, which requires more technical, energy and financial resources.

Farms allow the productivity of computers and, consequently, the Hash Rate to be maximized. The productivity of the largest farms can be several dozen PH/s (1015 hashes/second).

Physically, farms are rooms with a large number of computers and servers that take on tasks for mining.

There are also home-mining farms. They differ from ordinary PCs, by being specially assempled and designed for mining. Home farms can bring profitability, but users often face the problem of excessive electricity consumption and overheating of the computer at home which makes mining unprofitable.

One of the main resources into which a miner has to invest is electricity. It is also a risk factor, since the farm requires a permanent 24/7 power source. In addition, a large number of processors require an appropriate cooling and ventilation system.

Cloud mining [ edit ]

Cloud mining is a process of obtaining Bitcoins with the use of a remote data processing center with the general computational power. This allows the users to mine Bitcoins or alternative crypto currencies without controlling the equipment directly. Most of all, the services of the cloud mining are used by the users from the countries with an expensive electric power supply, which doesn’t allow them to create mining rigs by their own.

Another option is a private virtual service, where a user installs the mining software.

Finally, a user may take the computational powers themselves by using already the results of their work and not coming in touch with physical or virtual servers.

Web mining [ edit ]

Web-mining, or «hidden mining» – is an alternative method of cryptocurrency mining through the web browsers of users of websites. In fact, owners of Internet resources can convert the capacities of visitors’ computers into cryptocurrency.

This method is conducted by special web-miners — programs that can work when the user’s browser is switched on or runs in the background. Technically, such a program can be started on the computer with a line of JavaScript code written on the page, or the code itself is embedded into the browser extension. There are also viruses that make computer capacities work for cryptocurrency mining.

Mining profit [ edit ]

Profitability of mining is the level of reward that a user of the blockchain network receives (providing of his technical capacities for verifying transactions and solution of network tasks, resulting in a new data block on the network).

The profitability depends on two related factors. The first one consists in the complexity of the process itself, on which the reward depends (the more difficult the process is, the smaller amounts of tasks can be made per technical resource unit and, consequently, the less reward you will receive). The second factor is the cost of bitcoin (or other crypto currency). That is, how much your reward is in terms of fiat currencies.

The average annual profitability ranges from 120 to 200% per annum, and for some products in the period of «mining boom» from the end of 2016 showed even the best result. However, this indicator does not take into account additional investments: rental of premises, management of farms and energy costs. Adjusted for these factors in 2016, the profitability of mining amounted to about 10-50% per annum.

Mining Hardware [ edit ]

Specifically for Bitcoin, the number of mining types has significantly decreased. If other cryptocurrencies can still be mined using video cards, processors, hard drives, etc., then the high complexity of Bitcoin mining makes all these methods not only inefficient, but even unprofitable.

CPU [ edit ]

A central processing unit (or CPU) is an integrated circuit that is an essential part of the hardware of a personal computer or any other equipment. Currently, any modern, high-performance computer is equipped with a powerful central processor with a high frequency of operation and several cores. Accordingly, if a miner has a good personal computer, then he will not have to invest hundreds or thousands of dollars in equipment.

GPU [ edit ]

Mining on a video card is the process of mining cryptocurrency using graphic processors (GPUs). To do this, user needs a powerful video card in his home computer or a specially assembled farm of several devices in one system. If miner is interested in why GPUs are used for this process, then the answer is very simple. The thing is that video cards are initially developed to process a large amount of data by performing the same operations, as is the case with video processing. The same picture is observed in cryptocurrency mining, because here the hashing process is just the same. See the main article: Why a GPU mines faster than a CPU.

FPGA [ edit ]

FPGA stands for Field Programmable Gate Array. The microcircuit is a semiconductor. Used in cases where the device is designed to perform logical operations, such as and, or, nand and others.

ASIC [ edit ]

An application-specific integrated circuit, or ASIC, is just a chip designed solely for one type of work – decryption of a specific algorithm. To mine Bitcoins, this is SHA-256. Due to the lack of multitasking, devices show significantly more power than those that are suitable for all algorithms at once.

Mining Hardware Comparison [ edit ]

Hardware	Power	Adaptability	Price	Availability	User Friendly
ASIC	✔️	—	—	✔️	✔️
GPU	—	✔️	✔️	✔️	✔️
FPGA	✔️	✔️	—	✔️	—

To describe the table above, ASIC uses a lot of electricity, has a high price and very user-friendly but the price is expensive and ASIC can’t change the mining algorithm. Meanwhile, GPU is using a fairly low power compared to ASIC, can adapt to various algorithms, cheap compared to other options, easy to get, and easy to use. Finally, FPGA can change algorithm but not user-friendly, you’ll need to be able to create a Verilog program. Also, FPGA was quite expensive and hard to get, but now you can find them easily and cheaply online. In terms of hashing speed, CPU History [ edit ]

Bitcoin’s public ledger (the blockchain) was started on January 3rd, 2009 at 18:15 UTC presumably by Satoshi Nakamoto. The first block is known as the genesis block. The first transaction recorded in the first block was a single transaction paying the reward of 50 new bitcoins to its creator. Blockchain mining.

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Best Bitcoin Cloud Mining Contract Reviews and Comparisons

What is Bitcoin Cloud Mining?

Cloud mining or cloud hashing enables users to purchase mining capacity that of hardware in data centres.

Two operators, Hashflare and Genesis Mining, have been offering contracts for several years.

Bitcoin cloud mining enables people to earn Bitcoins without bitcoin mining hardware, bitcoin mining software, electricity, bandwidth or other offline issues.

Bitcoin cloud mining, sometimes called cloud hashing, enables users to buy the output of Bitcoin mining power from Bitcoin mining hardware placed in remote data centres.

Then all Bitcoin mining is done remotely in the cloud. This enables the owners to not deal with any of the hassles usually encountered when mining bitcoins such as electricity, hosting issues, heat, installation or upkeep trouble.

Sometimes you may want to mine a more volatile altcoin like MWC which is superior for scalability, privacy, anonymity and fungibility by utilizing MimbleWimble in the base layer.

With mainnet launching in November 2019 it has risen from $0.22 to over $8.00 in its first two months.

What are Bitcoin Cloud Mining Advantages?

• No excess heat to deal with
• Quiet because of no constantly humming fans
• No electricity costs
• No bitcoin mining equipment to sell when bitcoin mining is no longer profitable
• No ventilation problems with hot equipment
• No preordered bitcoin mining hardware that may not be delivered on time by bitcoin mining equipment suppliers

What are Bitcoin Cloud Mining Disadvantages?

Best Bitcoin Cloud Hashing Services

Being listed in this section is NOT an endorsement of these services and is to serve merely as a Bitcoin cloud mining comparison. There have been a tremendous amount of Bitcoin cloud mining scams.

Hashflare Review: Hashflare offers SHA-256 mining contracts and more profitable SHA-256 coins can be mined while automatic payouts are still in BTC. Customers must purchase at least 10 GH/s.

Genesis Mining Review: Genesis Mining is the largest Bitcoin and scrypt cloud mining provider. Genesis Mining offers three Bitcoin cloud mining plans that are reasonably priced. Zcash mining contracts are also available.

Hashing 24 Review: Hashing24 has been involved with Bitcoin mining since 2012. They have facilities in Iceland and Georgia. They use modern ASIC chips from BitFury deliver the maximum performance and efficiency possible.

Minex Review: Minex is an innovative aggregator of blockchain projects presented in an economic simulation game format. Users purchase Cloudpacks which can then be used to build an index from pre-picked sets of cloud mining farms, lotteries, casinos, real-world markets and much more.

Minergate Review: Offers both pool and merged mining and cloud mining services for Bitcoin.

Hashnest Review: Hashnest is operated by Bitmain, the producer of the Antminer line of Bitcoin miners. HashNest currently has over 600 Antminer S7s for rent. You can view the most up-to-date pricing and availability on Hashnest’s website. At the time of writing one Antminer S7’s hash rate can be rented for $1,200.

Bitcoin Cloud Mining Review: Currently all Bitcoin Cloud Mining contracts are sold out.

NiceHash Review: NiceHash is unique in that it uses an orderbook to match mining contract buyers and sellers. Check its website for up-to-date prices.

Eobot Review: Start cloud mining Bitcoin with as little as $10. Eobot claims customers can break even in 14 months.

MineOnCloud Review: MineOnCloud currently has about 35 TH/s of mining equipment for rent in the cloud. Some miners available for rent include AntMiner S4s and S5s.

Best Bitcoin Cloud Mining Contracts and Comparisons

Bitcoin cloud mining contracts are usually sold for bitcoins on a per hash basis for a particular period of time and there are several factors that impact Bitcoin cloud mining contract profitability with the primary factor being the Bitcoin price.

For example, Pay per GHash/s would be 0.0012 BTC / GHs for a 24 month contract.

Contracts vary from hourly to multiple years. The major factor that is unknown to both parties is the Bitcoin network difficulty and it drastically determines the profitability of the bitcoin cloud hashing contracts.

Bitcoin network difficulty is a measure of how difficult it is to find a hash below a given target.

The Bitcoin network has a global block difficulty. Valid blocks must have a hash below this target. Bitcoin mining pools also have a pool-specific share difficulty setting a lower limit for shares.

The Bitcoin network difficulty changes roughly every two weeks or 2,016 blocks.

There are all types of cloud mining options for other forms of blockchain technology.

Best Litecoin Cloud Mining Services and Comparisons

There are limited options for Litecoin cloud mining contracts. If nothing on the list below meets your needs, you can buy Bitcoin cloud mining contracts (listed above) and simply convert the bitcoins you earn to litecoin.

Hashflare Review: Hashflare offers scrypt mining contracts with a minimum purchase of 1 MH/s.

Genesis Mining Review: Genesis Mining offers Litecoin cloud mining contracts.

Minex Review: Minex is an innovative aggregator of blockchain projects presented in an economic simulation game format. Users purchase Cloudpacks which can then be used to build an index from pre-picked sets of cloud mining farms, lotteries, casinos, real-world markets and much more.

Minergate Review: Offers both pool and merged mining and cloud mining services for Litecoin.

Eobot Review: Eobot offers Litecoin cloud mining contracts with 0.0071 LTC monthly payouts.

Best Dash Cloud Mining Services and Comparisons

There are limited options for Dash cloud mining contracts. If nothing on the list below meets your needs, you can buy Bitcoin cloud mining contracts (listed above) and simply convert the bitcoins you earn to Dash.

Genesis Mining Review: Genesis Mining is the largest X11 cloud mining provider. Genesis Mining offers three Dash X11 cloud mining plans that are reasonably priced.

Best Ether Cloud Mining Services and Comparisons

There are limited options for Ether cloud mining contracts. If nothing on the list below meets your needs, you can buy Bitcoin cloud mining contracts (listed above) and simply convert the bitcoins you earn to ether.

Hashflare Review: Hashflare is a large Ether cloud mining provider with reasonably priced Ethereum cloud mining contracts.

Genesis Mining Review: Genesis Mining is the largest Ether cloud mining provider. Ethereum cloud mining contracts are reasonably priced.

Minex Review: Minex is an innovative aggregator of blockchain projects presented in an economic simulation game format. Users purchase Cloudpacks which can then be used to build an index from pre-picked sets of cloud mining farms, lotteries, casinos, real-world markets and much more.

Eobot Review: Eobot offers Ethereum cloud mining contracts with 0.0060 ETH monthly payouts.

This Ethereum cloud mining guide will show you how to mine Ethereum using Amazon cloud servers.

Bitcoin Cloud Mining Scams

There have been a tremendous amount of Bitcoin cloud mining scams like the possible $500,000 Bitcoin cloud mining ponzi scheme that was uncovered. Potential buyers should be extremely guarded and careful before purchasing any bitcoin mining contracts. Services to beware of:

Scrypt.cc Review: Scrypt.cc allows purchase of KHS in a matter of seconds, start mining right away and even be able to trade your KHS in real time with prices based on supply and demand! All KHashes are safely stored and maintained in 2 secured data-centres.

PB Mining Review: Claims to operate Bitcoin mining ASIC hardware. When customers buy a bitcoin mining contract then they will begin earning Bitcoins instantly. At Piggyback Mining, they cover the electricity costs and all Bitcoin mining pool fees. The Bitcoin mining contract is 100% insured because they want customers to succeed.

Bitcoin Cloud Services (BCS) Review: Appears to have been a $500,000 Ponzi scam fraud.

Zeushash Review: Appears to have halted payouts.

Bitminer.io Review: Based on user reports they appear to have halted payouts.

Cryptocurrency Cloud Mining Companies

Hashflare Review: An Estonian cloud miner with SHA-256, Scrypt and Scrypt-N options and currently appears to be the best value.

Genesis Mining Review: Genesis Mining is the largest Bitcoin and scrypt cloud mining provider.

Hashing 24 Review: Hashing24 has been involved with Bitcoin mining since 2012. They have facilities in Iceland and Georgia. They use modern ASIC chips from BitFury deliver the maximum performance and efficiency possible.

Minex Review: Minex is an innovative aggregator of blockchain projects presented in an economic simulation game format. Users purchase Cloudpacks which can then be used to build an index from pre-picked sets of cloud mining farms, lotteries, casinos, real-world markets and much more.

Minergate Review: MinerGate is a mining pool created by a group of cryptocoin enthusiasts. It is the first pool which provides service for merged mining. This means that while mining on our pool you can mine different coins simultaniously without decrease of hashrate for major coin.

Hashnest Review: Hashnest is operated by Bitmain, producer of the Antminer line of miners. HashNest currently has over 600 Antminer S7s for rent. You can view the most up-to-date pricing and availability on Hashnest’s website.

Bitcoin Cloud Mining Review: Supposedly has been mining Bitcoin since mid-2013. All Bitcoin miners are located in a state-of-the-art data centre in Australia and they have direct access to high quality equipment and 24/7 support.

NiceHash Review: NiceHash offers you to sell and buy hashing power. Selling hashing power is as simple as connecting your miner to our stratum mining pools while buyers can buy hashing power on demand, on pay-as-you-go basis. Claims to bring an innovative easy-to-use and risk-free cloud mining service. You can mine the vast majority of popular coins, based on SHA-256 (Bitcoin, etc.), Scrypt (Litecoin, Dogecoin, etc.), Scrypt-N (Vertcoin, etc.) and X11 (DarkCoin, etc.).

Eobot Review: Claims to be the easiest, cheapest, and best cloud mining solution. Start with as little as $10 using PayPal and choose between any cryptocurrency including Bitcoin, Litecoin, Peercoin, Namecoin, Feathercoin, Dogecoin, NautilusCoin, and Vertcoin.

MineOnCloud Review: MineOnCloud appears to have obselete hardware. It was launched on November 2013. They offer Bitcoin mining contracts for SHA256 using a very stable ASIC 28nm chip. They have two bitcoin mining contract options — a day pass and an annual contract. Customers can choose the Bitcoin mining pool and change every month for free with year contract.

Scrypt.cc Review: Scrypt.cc allows purchase of KHS in a matter of seconds, start mining right away and even be able to trade your KHS in real time with prices based on supply and demand! All KHashes are safely stored and maintained in 2 secured data-centres.

PB Mining Review: Claims to operate Bitcoin mining ASIC hardware. When customers buy a bitcoin mining contract then they will begin earning Bitcoins instantly. At Piggyback Mining, they cover the electricity costs and all Bitcoin mining pool fees. The Bitcoin mining contract is 100% insured because they want customers to succeed.

Bitcoin Cloud Services (BCS) Review: Appears to have been a $500,000 Ponzi scam fraud.

Zeushash Review: Appears to have halted payouts.

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