Bitcoin what is hashrate

Hashrate

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Hashrate (Hash per second, h/s) is an SI-derived unit representing the number of double SHA-256 computations performed in one second in the bitcoin network for cryptocurrency mining. Hashrate is also called as hashing power. It is usually symbolized as h/s (with an appropriate SI prefix).

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What is hashing power or hash rate? [ edit ]

The hash rate is the primary measure of a Bitcoin miner’s performance. In 2014, a miner’s performance was generally measured in Ghash/s, or billions of hashes per second.

The hash/second unit is also part of a common measure of a Bitcoin miner’s electric efficiency in the term watts /Ghash/s, denoted as W/Ghash/s. As 1 watt is equal to 1 joule/s, this measure can also be expressed as J/Ghash, or joules per 1 billion hashes.

Bitcoin network hash rate [ edit ]

The hash/s is also used in calculations of the Bitcoin network’s overall hash rate. Because each miner or mining pool only relays a solved block to the network, the overall hash rate of the network is calculated based on the time between blocks. While not an accurate measure of network hash rate at any given instance in time, measurements over longer periods can be considered indicative and similar calculations are used in Bitcoin’s difficulty adjustment.

In January 2015, the network hash rate was around 300 Phash/s, or 300 quadrillion hashes per second.

If you compare a bitcoin mining device to one that is designed to mine, for example, Ethereum, you will notice a very large apparent difference in hash rates. This is because there are many different algorithms that cryptocurrencies use. They all require different amounts of memory and computing power in order to be mined. To put it simply, bitcoin and its SHA256 algorithm is considered by today standards to be relatively easy to compute. As a result, a mining device that is still relevant today would need to produce hashes in the terahash range and up.

If we were to compare this to Ethereum, you’ll find that most modern Ethereum mining devices (typically GPU’s) operate in the megahash range.

At first glance, you may think that the bitcoin mining device is significantly more powerful or more productive. While it’s true that it produces more hashes (of the SHA256 variety), this is because bitcoin hashes are easier to produce computationally. As a consequence, the network difficulty is significantly higher for bitcoin. To make things even more confusing, some cryptocurrencies intentionally chose algorithms that can only be mined using a basic CPU. As a result, mining devices for this network that can produce hundreds of hashes per second are considered to be high and very competitive.

So what does all this mean? Basically, it means that looking at the hash rate alone doesn’t necessarily tell you the effectiveness of the miner. You also need to understand the network difficulty, and what the norm is for most mining devices for that particular cryptocurrency.

How can I calculate how many hashes I generate per second? [ edit ]

Your problem breaks down nicely into 3 separate tasks [1]

• Sharing a single count variable across threads
• Benchmarking thread completion time
• Calculating hashes p/sec
• Sharing a single count variable across threads

Hash rate calculator [ edit ]

Now that we know that not all hashes are the same we need to know how to calculate the estimated profitability of a miner based on its hash rate. For this, will need to use a mining profitability calculators, they are available in the Internet.

Before you spin off the threads call GlobalCounter.Reset and then in each thread (after each successful hash) you would call GlobalCounter.Increment — using Interlocked.X performs atomic operations of Value in a thread-safe manner, it’s also much faster than lock.

Benchmarking thread completion time

Calculating hashes per second

How is the hash rate measured? [ edit ]

Hash rate is a unit measured in hashes per second or h/s and here are some usual denominations used to refer it.

Hash rate denominations:

• 1 kH/s is 1,000 (one thousand) hashes per second;
• 1 MH/s is 1,000,000 (one million) hashes per second;
• 1 GH/s is 1,000,000,000 (one billion) hashes per second;
• 1 TH/s is 1,000,000,000,000 (one trillion) hashes per second;
• 1 PH/s is 1,000,000,000,000,000 (one quadrillion) hashes per second;
• 1 EH/s is 1,000,000,000,000,000,000 (one quintillion) hashes per second.

Common Hash rate Conversions:

• 1 MH/s = 1,000 kH/s;
• 1 GH/s = 1,000 MH/s = 1,000,000 kH/s;
• 1 TH/s = 1,000 GH/s = 1,000,000 MH/s = 1,000,000,000 kH/s.

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What is Bitcoin Hashrate?

Despite the fact that Bitcoin mining has existed for more than 10 years, new and new people join the miners community. If you want to join them, you need to master the basics of mining technology that will allow you to choose the necessary equipment and evaluate its productivity. One of the most crucial aspects is Bitcoin hash, and today we will discuss this phenomenon and its connection with other indicators.

Mining Hashrate Meaning

Bitcoin net hashrate (or hashing frequency) is a parameter that characterizes the speed of solving mathematical problems by devices that are involved in the production of new blocks in networks running on the Proof-of-Work algorithm (PoW). In other words, it is a measure of the performance of the equipment that is used for mining. When it comes to Bitcoin hashrate, we mean the total computing power of all mining devices connected to the Bitcoin network.

How Is Hashrate Measured?

Since the mathematical problems that need to be solved to generate new blocks are called hashes, hash rate is measured in hashes per second (H / s). The computing power of the Bitcoin network has been growing rapidly in the last 10 years since the advent of cryptocurrency, and the productivity of equipment has also been constantly increasing. Therefore, today, the crypto community uses other units of measurement to express hash rate, for example, Terahash / s (1 TH / s = 1 000 000 000 000 H / s) and Petahash / s (1 PH / s = 1000 TH / s). Currently, the Bitcoin hash is measured in Exahashes (1 EH / s = 1000 PH / s).

BTC Hashrate History

In the first year of Bitcoin’s existence, network power was extremely scarce compared to today’s figures. At that time, the Bitcoin hashrate was measured in Megahashes / s (MH / s), i.e. in millions of hashes.

Initially, this indicator was supported by the equipment of developers and a handful of enthusiasts close to them. Because of this, in the first month of 2009, the Bitcoin hash was very unstable (4.5-10 MH / s). Then, until June, the network capacity became more stable and basically equaled 5–6, occasionally going beyond that.

In June, the hashrate dropped sharply and remained in the range of 1–4.5 MH / s for six months. In December, against the background of the launch of the first Bitcoin trading platform New Liberty Standard and the expansion of the circle of people aware of the first cryptocurrency, there was finally a sharp jump to 10 MH / s, which marked the beginning of a steadily rapid increase in the computing power of the network.

The next year and a half, an exponential increase in the hashrate was observed: it was provoked by the popularization of Bitcoin and mentions in some online media. Also, BTC became popular thanks to the launch of MtGox in July 2010: it became the first full-fledged crypto-exchange.

The capacity increase was inhibited near the level of 10 TH / s only after hacking of the exchange in June 2011. After a month and a half, hackers attacked the MyBitcoin wallet, after which the Bitcoin exchange rate went down to December, during which the hash rate decreased to 7 TH / s.

Throughout 2012, the network capacity was gradually growing (in proportion to the movement of the BTC rate) and by the time of the first Bitcoin halving (November 28) reaches 29 TH / s. The halving of the award frightened off some of the miners, triggering a drop in the hash rate to 18 TH / s in just 2 weeks.

During the first half of 2013, network capacities increase 10-fold and reach 200 TH / s (during this time, Bitcoin rises from $ 14 to $ 266). Then, for the time remaining until the end of the year, the hashrate grows even faster and reaches 17 PH / s (at this point, Bitcoin is trading at $ 1240).

Throughout 2014, despite the bearish trend in the market provoked by a new hacking and closing of the MtGox exchange, the computing power of the Bitcoin network is gradually growing to the level of 300 PH / s.

In January 2015, the Bitstamp cryptocurrency exchange announced the loss of 19,000 BTC due to a hacker attack. This event sets the tone for the whole year – the Bitcoin exchange rate is consolidating in the $200-300 range, and the hash rate is slowly going to around 400 PH / s.

At the end of October, the EU High Court exempts Bitcoin holders from taxes on the sale of cryptocurrencies, which provokes a spurt in the value of BTC up to $ 500. This gives rise to a new wave of popularization of Bitcoin and, as a result, accelerates the growth of network capacities to 770 PH / s by the end of the year.

At the end of January 2016, the hashrate reaches 1 EH / s (1000 PH / s) for the first time. Bitcoin has doubled in price this year (from $ 500 to $ 1,000). The same thing happens with computing power – by December, they will double and the mark of 2 EH / s will be overcome. It is interesting that the miners did not pay attention to what happened in mid-2016 and continued to increase the productivity of their equipment.

In the first half of 2017, there has been an acceleration in the growth of the hashrate. By August, it reaches 7 EH / s and then drops to 4.3 EH / s due to the transfer of some of the miners to the extraction of Bitcoin Cash – a coin that appeared as a result of the Bitcoin hard fork.

Over the next three months, network capacities almost triple (11.5 EH / s). At this point, the Bitcoin exchange rate reaches $ 8,000 amid extensive media coverage and the expected SegWit2x hard fork, after which there is a short-term price correction to $ 5800 and a decrease in the hash rate to 4.9 EH / s. By the end of the year, the Bitcoin exchange rate continues to grow rapidly to $ 20,000, attracting more and more attention from miners who manage to increase their computing power to 15 EH / s in just a month.

2018 begins with negative news about the closure of crypto exchanges in South Korea, accompanying the start of a downtrend, from which the market, as a result, can not get out for more than a year. Despite this, the Bitcoin hash rate continues to grow non-stop until October, reaching 58-60 EH / s. This is explained by the fact that mining remains profitable as long as Bitcoin is trading above $ 6,000.

The situation changes on November 14, when the Bitcoin exchange rate drops sharply below this level and continues to fall until mid-December, stopping at around $ 3,100. At this point, a significant part of the miners that could not stand the pressure of the bears are disconnected from the network, and the computing power of the network is reduced to 35 EH / s.

During the first four months of 2019, while the bitcoin exchange rate consolidated at $ 4000, and then unexpectedly rose to $ 5000-5600, the hashrate grew a bit and stayed in the range of 40-50 EH / s.

In mid-May, the cost of BTC finally again turned out to be above $ 6,000, and then completely reached $ 8,000, returning faith in the “native”. Miners began to actively return their equipment to the network and the total computing power for the first time returned to the maximum value of last year – 58 EH / s.

At the time of this writing, Bitcoin is hanging around the $ 9,500 mark, and the hash rate has risen to 65 EH / s. Given the statistics of past years, the growth of computing power should continue. The difference can only be at its pace, which will depend on further movements of the Bitcoin exchange rate.

Bitcoin hashrate & mining difficulty: what’s the connection?

Also, we should not forget that Bitcoin hashrate difficulty is another crucial indicator. It also keeps growing when the number of miners is increasing:

As we can see on the graph, all-time hashrate for Bitcoin has recently reached its higher high. Until the end of 2017, the world didn’t know about cryptocurrency much (at least, this phenomenon was widespread in the USA only). But after that, the number of miners has increased exponentially.

BTC mining hashrate difficulty is a dynamic characteristic that is inextricably linked with a hashrate. The thing is that fluctuations in the total network power lead to a change in the residence time of new blocks, which ideally should be 10 minutes.

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Что такое хешрейт в блокчейне биткоина? Как генерируется хеш и для чего он нужен?

Рассказываем простыми словами, что такое хешрейт блокчейн-сети, как он рассчитывается и для чего он вообще нужен.

Хешрейт (англ. hashrate) — это вычислительная мощность блокчейн-сети. Он показывает, сколько ресурсов уходит на майнинг и обработку транзакций, и насколько быстро все это происходит. На русском его еще называют скоростью хеширования.

Навигация по материалу:

Что такое хеш?

Хеш — это шифр, в нем при помощи букв и цифр закодировано какое-то слово, сообщение или данные. Для этого используются разные алгоритмы хеширования. Один из них — SHA256. Он применяется в сети биткоина. Посмотреть актуальный график хешрейта Bitcoin (BTC) можно здесь https://www.blockchain.com/.

Выглядит хеш следующим образом, например, если при помощи SHA256 закодировать «Mining-Cryptocurrency.ru», получится:

А вот так будет выглядеть фраза «Mining-Cryptocurrency.ru — лучший новостной портал о криптовалютах»:

Если в сообщении или слове поменять хотя бы один символ, весь хеш будет выглядеть совершенно иначе. Так вот, задача майнеров путем перебора, меняя всего лишь один символ, подобрать хеш, который будет равен или меньше числового значения «целевого хеша». Как только это происходит, создается новый блок, а майнер, нашедший правильный хеш, получает вознаграждение.

В этом сервисе можно поиграться с шифрованием при помощи алгоритма SHA256.

Учитывая то, что хеши генерируются случайно, приходится перебрать не один миллион вариантов, чтобы подобрать шифр, удовлетворяющий условиям. Хешрейт показывает, сколько хешей сеть способна сгенерировать за секунду. На момент написания статьи, хешрейт сети биткоина — 160 экзахеш/сек. Это значит, что за секунду в сети создается 160 квинтиллионов хешей.

Единицы измерения хешрейта

• Хеш/сек;
• Килохеш/сек;
• Мегахеш/сек;
• Гигахеш/сек;
• Терахеш/сек;
• Петахеш/сек;
• Экзахеш/сек.

Для чего нужен хешрейт?

Хешрейт позволяет оценить степень надежности и защищенности блокчейн-сети. Чем больше устройств, подключается к сети, тем выше ее совокупная вычислительная мощность, то есть хешрейт, и тем устойчивее она к атакам 51% и другим злонамеренным действиям.

Если хешрейт растет, значит в сеть приходят новые участники. Падение хешрейта может означать, что майнеры переключают свои мощности на другие сети или же отключают оборудование. Последний раз падение хешрейта в сети биткоина к локальным минимумам на уровне 131 экзахешей/сек было зафиксировано 23 апреля 2021 года на фоне коррекции BTC от исторических максимумов. Рекордно высокий хешрейт был зафиксирован 15 мая на уровне 179 экзахешей/сек.

Отметим, что блокчейн биткоина по-прежнему остается самой мощной и защищенной распределенной сетью. Однако более половины всего хешрейта биткоина сконцентрировано в Китае, что создает определенные риски. Однако, сейчас эта тенденция меняется и майнеры переезжают из Китая в Северную Америку и Европу.

Где выгоднее покупать биткоин? ТОП-5 бирж

Для безопасной и удобной покупки криптовалют с минимальной комиссией, мы подготовили рейтинг самых надежных и популярных криптовалютных бирж, которые поддерживают ввод и вывод средств в рублях, гривнах, долларах и евро.

Надежность площадки в первую очередь определяется объемом торгов и количеством пользователей. По всем ключевым метрикам, крупнейшей криптовалютной биржей в мире является Binance. Также Binance самая популярная криптобиржа в России и на территории СНГ, поскольку имеет наибольший оборот денежных средств и поддерживает переводы в рублях с банковских карт Visa/MasterCard и платёжных систем QIWI, Advcash, Payeer.

Специально для новичков мы подготовили подробный гайд: Как купить биткоин на криптобирже за рубли?

Рейтинг криптовалютных бирж :

#	Биржа:	Cайт:	Оценка:
1	Binance (выбор редакции)	https://binance.com	9.7
2	Bybit	https://bybit.com	7.5
3	OKEx	https://okex.com	7.1
4	Exmo	https://exmo.me	6.9
5	Huobi	https://huobi.com	6.5

Критерии по которым выставляется оценка в нашем рейтинге криптобирж :

• Надежность работы — стабильность доступа ко всем функциям платформы, включая бесперебойную торговлю, ввод и вывод средств, а также срок работы на рынке и суточный объем торгов.
• Комиссии – размер комиссии за торговые операции внутри площадки и вывод активов.
• Отзывы и поддержка – анализируем отзывы пользователей и качество работы техподдержки.
• Удобство интерфейса – оцениваем функциональность и интуитивность интерфейса, возможные ошибки и сбои при работе с биржей.
• Особенности платформы – наличие дополнительных возможностей — фьючерсы, опционы, стейкинг и прочее.
• Итоговая оценка – среднее число баллов по всем показателям, определяет место в рейтинге.

Дата публикации 30.05.2021
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